 Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Chad conventional short form:Chad local long form:Republique du Tchad/Jumhuriyat Tshad local short form:Tchad/Tshad
Government type:
republic
Capital:
name:N'Djamenageographic coordinates:12 06 N, 15 02 E time difference:UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
23 regions (regions, singular - region); Barh el Gazel, Batha, Borkou, Chari-Baguirmi, Ennedi-Est, Ennedi-Quest, Guera, Hadjer-Lamis, Kanem, Lac, Logone Occidental, Logone Oriental, Mandoul, Mayo-Kebbi Est, Mayo-Kebbi Ouest, Moyen-Chari, Ouaddai, Salamat, Sila, Tandjile, Tibesti, Ville de N'Djamena, Wadi Fira
Independence:
11 August 1960 (from France)
National holiday:
Independence Day, 11 August (1960)
Constitution:
several previous; latest passed by referendum 31 March 1996, entered into force 8 April 1996; amended 2005 (2010)
Legal system:
mixed legal system of civil and customary law
International law organization participation:
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; accepts ICCt jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state:President Idriss DEBY Itno, Lt. Gen. (since 4 December 1990)head of government:Prime Minister Kalzeube Pahimi DEUBET (since 21 November 2013) cabinet:Council of State; members are appointed by the president on the recommendation of the prime minister elections:president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; if no candidate receives at least 50% of the total vote, the two candidates receiving the most votes must stand for a second round of voting; last election held on 25 April 2011 (next to be held by 2016); prime minister appointed by the president election results:Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY Itno reelected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Idriss DEBY 83.6%, Albert Pahimi PADACKE 8.6%, Nadji MADOU 7.8%
Legislative branch:
unicameral National Assembly (188 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms)elections:National Assembly - last held on 13 February 2011 (next to be held by 2015); note - legislative elections, originally scheduled for 2006, were first delayed by National Assembly action and subsequently by an accord, signed in August 2007, between government and opposition parties election results:percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - ART 133, UNDR 11, others 44
Judicial branch:
highest court(s):Supreme Court (consists of a chief justice and 15 judges or councilors and divided into 3 chambers); Constitutional Council (consists of 3 judges and 6 jurists)judge selection and term of office:Supreme Court chief justice selected by the president; councilors - 8 designated by the president and 7 by the speaker of the National Assembly; chief justice and councilors appointed for life; Constitutional Council judges - 2 appointed by the president and 1 by the speaker of the National Assembly; jurists - 3 each by the president and by the speaker of the National Assembly; judges term NA subordinate courts:High Court of Justice; Courts of Appeal; tribunals; justices of the peace
| | Political parties and leaders:
Alliance for the Renaissance of Chad or ART, an alliance among the ruling MPS, RDP, and Viva-RNDPFederation Action for the Republic or FAR [Ngarledjy YORONGAR] National Rally for Development and Progress or Viva-RNDP [Dr. Nouradine Delwa Kassire COUMAKOYE] National Union for Democracy and Renewal or UNDR [Saleh KEBZABO] Party for Liberty and Development or PLD [Jean-Baptiste LAOKOLE] Patriotic Salvation Movement or MPS [Mahamat Saleh AHMAT, chairman] Rally for Democracy and Progress or RDP [Lol Mahamat CHOUA] Union for Renewal and Democracy or URD [Sande NGARYIMBE]
Political pressure groups and leaders:
rebel groups
International organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, AU, BDEAC, CEMAC, EITI (candidate country), FAO, FZ, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, MINUSMA, NAM, OIC, OIF, OPCW, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador Mahamat NASSER (since 21 May 2014)chancery:2401 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 telephone:[1] (202) 462-4009 FAX:[1] (202) 265-1937
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador James KNIGHT (since 13 March 2013)embassy:Avenue Felix Eboue, N'Djamena mailing address:B. P. 413, N'Djamena telephone:[235] 2251-70-09 FAX:[235] 2251-56-54
Flag description:
three equal vertical bands of blue (hoist side), yellow, and red; the flag combines the blue and red French (former colonial) colors with the red and yellow of the Pan-African colors; blue symbolizes the sky, hope, and the south of the country, which is relatively well-watered; yellow represents the sun, as well as the desert in the north of the country; red stands for progress, unity, and sacrifice
National symbol(s):
goat (north); lion (south)
National anthem:
name:'La Tchadienne' (The Chadian)lyrics/music:Louis GIDROL and his students/Paul VILLARD note:adopted 1960 |