Country Guide

Morocco Facts

Geography People and Society Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Transnational Issues

Geography

Location:
Northern Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea, between Algeria and Western Sahara


Geographic coordinates:
32 00 N, 5 00 W


Map references:
Africa


Area:
total:446,550 sq kmcountry comparison to the world: 58
land:446,300 sq km
water:250 sq km


Area - comparative:
slightly larger than California


Land boundaries:
total:2,020.5 km
border countries:Algeria 1,559 km, Western Sahara 443 km, Spain (Ceuta) 8 km, Spain (Melilla) 10.5 km
note:an additional 75-meter border segment exists between Morocco and the Spanish exclave of Penon de Velez de la Gomera


Coastline:
1,835 km


Maritime claims:
territorial sea:12 nm
contiguous zone:24 nm
exclusive economic zone:200 nm
continental shelf:200 m depth or to the depth of exploitation


Climate:
Mediterranean, becoming more extreme in the interior


    Terrain:
northern coast and interior are mountainous with large areas of bordering plateaus, intermontane valleys, and rich coastal plains


Elevation extremes:
lowest point:Sebkha Tah -55 m
highest point:Jebel Toubkal 4,165 m


Natural resources:
phosphates, iron ore, manganese, lead, zinc, fish, salt


Land use:
arable land:17.79%
permanent crops:2.6%
other:79.61% (2011)


Irrigated land:
14,850 sq km (2004)


Total renewable water resources:
29 cu km (2011)


Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
29 cu km (2011)

Natural hazards:
northern mountains geologically unstable and subject to earthquakes; periodic droughts


Environment - current issues:
land degradation/desertification (soil erosion resulting from farming of marginal areas, overgrazing, destruction of vegetation); water supplies contaminated by raw sewage; siltation of reservoirs; oil pollution of coastal waters


Environment - international agreements:
party to:Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified:Environmental Modification


Geography - note:
strategic location along Strait of Gibraltar

People and Society

Nationality:
noun: Moroccan(s)
adjective:Moroccan


Ethnic groups:
Arab-Berber 99%, other 1%


Languages:
Arabic (official), Berber languages (Tamazight (official), Tachelhit, Tarifit), French (often the language of business, government, and diplomacy)


Religions:
Muslim 99% (official; virtually all Sunni, <.1% Shia), other 1% (includes Christian, Jewish, and Baha'i), Jewish about 6,000 (2010 est.)


Population:
32,987,206 (July 2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 39


Age structure:
0-14 years:26.7% (male 4,479,676/female 4,342,605)
15-24 years:17.7% (male 2,899,041/female 2,931,856)
25-54 years:42% (male 6,693,877/female 7,146,696)
55-64 years:7.3% (male 1,200,733/female 1,203,447)
65 years and over:6.3% (male 940,291/female 1,148,984) (2014 est.)


Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio:49.1 %
youth dependency ratio:41.6 %
elderly dependency ratio:7.5 %
potential support ratio:13.4 (2014 est.)


Median age:
total:28.1 years
male:27.5 years
female:28.7 years (2014 est.)


Population growth rate:
1.02% (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 117


Birth rate:
18.47 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 100


Death rate:
4.79 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 195


Net migration rate:
-3.46 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 186


Urbanization:
urban population:57% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization:1.62% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)


Major urban areas - population:
Casablanca 3.046 million; RABAT (capital) 1.843 million; Fes 1.088 million; Marrakech 939,000; Tangier 810,000; Agadir 805,000 (2011)


Sex ratio:
at birth:1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.03 male(s)/female
15-24 years:0.99 male(s)/female
25-54 years:0.94 male(s)/female
55-64 years:0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.82 male(s)/female
total population:0.97 male(s)/female (2014 est.)


Mother's mean age at first birth:
25.4


Maternal mortality rate:
100 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)


Infant mortality rate:
total:24.52 deaths/1,000 live birthscountry comparison to the world: 74
male:28.96 deaths/1,000 live births
female:19.87 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)


    Life expectancy at birth:
total population:76.51 yearscountry comparison to the world: 78
male:73.44 years
female:79.74 years (2014 est.)


Total fertility rate:
2.15 children born/woman (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 105


Contraceptive prevalence rate:
67.4% (2011)


Health expenditures:
6% of GDP (2011)


Physicians density:
0.62 physicians/1,000 population (2009)


Hospital bed density:
1.1 beds/1,000 population (2009)


Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 98.5% of population
rural: 63.6% of population
total: 83.6% of population
unimproved:
urban: 1.5% of population
rural: 36.4% of population
total: 16.4% of population (2012 est.)


Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 84.5% of population
rural: 63.1% of population
total: 75.4% of population
unimproved:
urban: 15.5% of population
rural: 36.9% of population
total: 24.6% of population (2012 est.)


HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.1% (2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 162


HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
30,000 (2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 71


HIV/AIDS - deaths:
1,200 (2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 70


Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
16.4% (2008)country comparison to the world: 114


Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
3.1% (2011)country comparison to the world: 113


Education expenditures:
5.4% of GDP (2009)country comparison to the world: 59

Literacy:
definition:age 15 and over can read and write
total population:67.1%
male:76.1%
female:57.6% (2011 est.)


School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total:11 years
male:12 years
female:11 years (2010)


Child labor - children ages 5-14:



Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total:18.6%country comparison to the world: 65
male:18.4%
female:19.2% (2012)

Government

Country name:
conventional long form: Kingdom of Morocco
conventional short form:Morocco
local long form:Al Mamlakah al Maghribiyah
local short form:Al Maghrib


Government type:
constitutional monarchy


Capital:
name:Rabat
geographic coordinates:34 01 N, 6 49 W
time difference:UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)
daylight saving time:+1 hr, begins last Sunday in April; ends last Sunday in September


Administrative divisions:
15 regions; Grand Casablanca, Chaouia-Ouardigha, Doukkala-Abda, Fes-Boulemane, Gharb-Chrarda-Beni Hssen, Guelmim-Es Smara, Laayoune-Boujdour-Sakia El Hamra, Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz, Meknes-Tafilalet, Oriental, Rabat-Sale-Zemmour-Zaer, Souss-Massa-Draa, Tadla-Azilal, Tanger-Tetouan, Taza-Al Hoceima-Taounate


Independence:
2 March 1956 (from France)


National holiday:
Throne Day (accession of King MOHAMMED VI to the throne), 30 July (1999)


Constitution:
several previous; latest drafted 17 June 2011, approved by referendum 1 July 2011; note - sources disagree on whether the 2011 referendum was for a new constitution or for reforms to the previous constitution (2011)


Legal system:
mixed legal system of civil law based on French law and Islamic law; judicial review of legislative acts by Supreme Court


International law organization participation:
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt


Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal


Executive branch:
chief of state:King MOHAMMED VI (since 30 July 1999)
head of government:Prime Minister Abdelillah BENKIRANE (since 29 November 2011)
cabinet:Council of Ministers appointed by the prime minister as well as Minister Delegates to each ministry appoined by the Palace
elections:the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch from the winning party following legislative elections


Legislative branch:
bicameral Parliament consists of the Chamber of Counselors or Majlis al-Mustacharin (270 seats - to be reduced to a maximum of 120; members elected indirectly by local councils, professional organizations, and labor syndicates to serve six-year terms; one-third of the members are elected every three years) and Chamber of Representatives or Majlis al-Nuwab (395 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections:Chamber of Counselors - last held on 3 October 2009 (next pending legislation by the 2011 constitution); Chamber of Representatives - last held on 25 November 2011 (next to be held in 2016)
election results:Chamber of Counselors - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; Chamber of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PJD 107, PI 60, RNI 52, PAM 47, USFP 39, MP 32, UC 23, PPS 18, other 17


Judicial branch:
highest court(s):Supreme Court or Court of Cassation (consists of 5-judge panels organized into civil, family matters, commercial, administrative, social, and criminal sections)
judge selection and term of office:Supreme Court judges appointed by the monarch upon the recommendation of the Supreme Council of the Judiciary
subordinate courts:courts of appeal; regional and sadad courts (for religious, civil and administrative, and penal adjudication)


Political parties and leaders:
Action Party or PA [Mohammed EL IDRISSI]
Al Ahd (The Covenant) Party [Najib EL OUAZZANI]
Alliance des Libert'es (Alliance of Liberties) or ADL [Ali BELHAJ]
An-Nahj Ad-Dimocrati or An-Nahj [Abdellah EL HARIF]
Authenticity and Modernity Party or PAM [Mustapha BAKKOURY, secretary general]
Choura et Istiqlal (Consultation and Independence) Party or PCI [Abdelwahed MAACH]
Citizens' Forces or FC [Abderrahman LAHJOUJI]
Citizenship and Development Initiative or ICD [Mohamed BENHAMOU]
Constitutional Union Party or UC [Mohammed ABIED]
Democratic and Social Movement or MDS [Mahmoud ARCHANE]
Democratic Forces Front or FFD [Touhami EL KHIARI]
Democratic Socialist Vanguard Party or PADS [Ahmed BENJELLOUN]
Democratic Society Party or PSD [Zhor CHEKKAFI]
Democratic Union or UD [Bouazza IKKEN]
Environment and Development Party or PED [Ahmed EL ALAMI]
Istiqlal (Independence) Party or PI [Hamid CHABAT]
Labor Party or LP [Abdelkrim BENATIK]
Moroccan Liberal Party or PML [Mohamed ZIANE]
National Democratic Party or PND [Abdallah KADIRI]
National Ittihadi Congress Party or CNI [Abdelmajid BOUZOUBAA]
National Popular Movement or MNP [Mahjoubi AHERDANE]
National Rally of Independents or RNI [Salaheddine MEZOUAR]
National Union of Popular Forces or UNFP [Abdellah IBRAHIM]
Party of Justice and Development or PJD [Abdelillah BENKIRANE]; Popular Movement or MP [Mohamed LAENSER]
Progress and Socialism Party or PPS [Nabil BENABDELLAH]
Reform and Development Party or PRD [Abderrahmane EL KOUHEN]
Renaissance and Virtue Party or PRV [Mohamed KHALIDI]
Renewal and Equity Party or PRE [Chakir ACHABAR]
Social Center Party or PSC [Lahcen MADIH]
Socialist Democratic Party or PSD [Aissa OUARDIGHI]
Socialist Union of Popular Forces or USFP [Driss LACHGAR]
Unified Socialist Left Party or PGSU [Mohamed Ben Said AIT IDDER]


    Political pressure groups and leaders:
Democratic Confederation of Labor or CDT [Noubir AMAOUI]


International organization participation:
ABEDA, AfDB, AFESD, AMF, AMU, CAEU, CD, EBRD, FAO, G-11, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, OSCE (partner), Pacific Alliance (observer), Paris Club (associate), PCA, UN, UN Security Council (temporary), UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNSC (temporary), UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO


Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador Mohammed Rachad BOUHLAL (since 22 December 2011)
chancery:1601 21st Street NW, Washington, DC 20009
telephone:[1] (202) 462-7979
FAX:[1] (202) 462-7643
consulate(s) general:New York


Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Matthew LUSSENHOP (since July 2013)
embassy:2 Avenue de Mohamed El Fassi, Rabat
mailing address:Unit 9400, Box 021, DPO AE 09718
telephone:[212] (537) 76 22 65
FAX:[212] (537) 76 56 61
consulate(s) general:Casablanca


Flag description:
red with a green pentacle (five-pointed, linear star) known as Sulayman's (Solomon's) seal in the center of the flag; red and green are traditional colors in Arab flags, although the use of red is more commonly associated with the Arab states of the Persian gulf; the pentacle represents the five pillars of Islam and signifies the association between God and the nation; design dates to 1912


National symbol(s):
pentacle symbol; lion


National anthem:
name:'Hymne Cherifien' (Hymn of the Sharif)

lyrics/music:Ali Squalli HOUSSAINI/Leo MORGAN
note:music adopted 1956, lyrics adopted 1970

Economy

Economy - overview:
Morocco has capitalized on its proximity to Europe and relatively low labor costs to build a diverse, open, market-oriented economy. In the 1980s Morocco was a heavily indebted country before pursuing austerity measures and pro-market reforms, overseen by the IMF. Since taking the throne in 1999, King MOHAMMED VI has presided over a stable economy marked by steady growth, low inflation, and gradually falling unemployment, although a poor harvest and economic difficulties in Europe contributed to an economic slowdown in 2012. Industrial development strategies and infrastructure improvements - most visibly illustrated by a new port and free trade zone near Tangier - are improving Morocco's competitiveness. Morocco also seeks to expand its renewable energy capacity with a goal of making renewable 40% of electricity output by 2020. Key sectors of the economy include agriculture, tourism, phosphates, textiles, apparel, and subcomponents. To boost exports, Morocco entered into a bilateral Free Trade Agreement with the United States in 2006 and an Advanced Status agreement with the European Union in 2008. Despite Morocco's economic progress, the country suffers from high unemployment, poverty, and illiteracy, particularly in rural areas. In 2011 and 2012, high prices on fuel - which is subsidized and almost entirely imported - strained the government's budget and widened the country's current account deficit. In the fall of 2013, Morocco capped some of its fuel subsidies in an effort to gradually reduce the country’s large budgetary deficit. Key economic challenges for Morocco include fighting corruption and reforming the education system, the judiciary, and the government's costly subsidy program.


GDP (purchasing power parity):
$180 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
$171.2 billion (2012 est.)
$166.7 billion (2011 est.)
note:data are in 2013 US dollars


GDP (official exchange rate):
$104.8 billion (2013 est.)


GDP - real growth rate:
5.1% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
2.7% (2012 est.)
5% (2011 est.)


GDP - per capita (PPP):
$5,500 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
$5,300 (2012 est.)
$5,200 (2011 est.)
note:data are in 2013 US dollars


Gross national saving:
25.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 48
25.1% of GDP (2012 est.)
27.6% of GDP (2011 est.)


GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption:59.5%
government consumption:19.1%
investment in fixed capital:30.8%
investment in inventories:3.7%
exports of goods and services:35.4%
imports of goods and services:-48.5%
(2013 est.)


GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture:15.1%
industry:31.7%
services:53.2% (2012 est.)


Agriculture - products:
barley, wheat, citrus fruits, grapes, vegetables, olives; livestock; wine


Industries:
phosphate mining and processing, food processing, leather goods, textiles, construction, energy, tourism


Industrial production growth rate:
1.2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141

Labor force:
11.73 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46


Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture:44.6%
industry:19.8%
services:35.5% (2006 est.)


Unemployment rate:
9.5% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 103
9% (2012 est.)


Population below poverty line:
15% (2007 est.)


Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:2.7%
highest 10%:33.2% (2007)


    Distribution of family income - Gini index:
40.9 (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 54
39.5 (1999 est.)


Budget:
revenues:$26.07 billion
expenditures:$34.51 billion (2013 est.)


Taxes and other revenues:
24.9% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 131

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-8% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 195


Public debt:
76.9% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
71.2% of GDP (2012 est.)


Fiscal year:
calendar year


Inflation rate (consumer prices):
2.5% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 95
1.2% (2012 est.)


Central bank discount rate:
6.5% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100
3.31% (31 December 2009 est.)


Commercial bank prime lending rate:
6.3% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
6.3% (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of narrow money:
$75.71 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 41
$71.51 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of broad money:
$90.76 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 57
$84.52 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of domestic credit:
$121 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
$111.6 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Market value of publicly traded shares:
$NA (31 December 2012 est.)


Current account balance:
-$9.595 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 176
-$9.843 billion (2012 est.)


Exports:
$16.78 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
$16.99 billion (2012 est.)


Exports - commodities:
clothing and textiles, electric components, inorganic chemicals, transistors, crude minerals, fertilizers (including phosphates), petroleum products, citrus fruits, vegetables, fish


Exports - partners:
France 21%, Spain 17.3%, Brazil 5.4%, India 4.9%, US 4.6% (2012)


Imports:
$38.66 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 62
$38.88 billion (2012 est.)


Imports - commodities:
crude petroleum, textile fabric, telecommunications equipment, wheat, gas and electricity, transistors, plastics


Imports - partners:
Spain 13.1%, France 12.1%, China 6.9%, US 6.8%, Saudi Arabia 6.2%, Italy 5.1%, Russia 5%, Germany 4.9% (2012)


Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$19.16 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 61
$17.54 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Debt - external:
$36.51 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 68
$32.15 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$51.82 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 54
$48.18 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$1.972 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
$2.423 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Exchange rates:
Moroccan dirhams (MAD) per US dollar -
8.439 (2013 est.)
8.6026 (2012 est.)
8.4172 (2010 est.)
8.0571 (2009)
7.526 (2008)

Energy

Electricity - production:
21.13 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72


Electricity - consumption:
23.61 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 67


Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 167


Electricity - imports:
3.94 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42


Electricity - installed generating capacity:
6.62 million kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 70


Electricity - from fossil fuels:
69.3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 108


Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139


Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
19.4% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92


Electricity - from other renewable sources:
4.3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 50


Crude oil - production:
5,057 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99


Crude oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154


Crude oil - imports:
122,900 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 44


    Crude oil - proved reserves:
680,000 bbl (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 98


Refined petroleum products - production:
131,500 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 66


Refined petroleum products - consumption:
203,600 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 58


Refined petroleum products - exports:
20,830 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71


Refined petroleum products - imports:
143,000 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 40


Natural gas - production:
60 million cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86


Natural gas - consumption:
560 million cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97


Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 148


Natural gas - imports:
150 million cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 73


Natural gas - proved reserves:
1.444 billion cu m (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 101


Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
43.71 million Mt (2011 est.)

Communications

Telephones - main lines in use:
3.28 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 47


Telephones - mobile cellular:
39.016 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 31


Telephone system:
general assessment:good system composed of open-wire lines, cables, and microwave radio relay links; principal switching centers are Casablanca and Rabat; national network nearly 100% digital using fiber-optic links; improved rural service employs microwave radio relay; Internet available but expensive
domestic:fixed-line teledensity is roughly 10 per 100 persons; mobile-cellular subscribership exceeds 100 per 100 persons
international:country code - 212; landing point for the Atlas Offshore, Estepona-Tetouan, Euroafrica, Spain-Morocco, and SEA-ME-WE-3 fiber-optic telecommunications undersea cables that provide connectivity to Asia, the Middle East, and Europe; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat; microwave radio relay to Gibraltar, Spain, and Western Sahara; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Algeria; participant in Medarabtel; fiber-optic cable link from Agadir to Algeria and Tunisia (2011)



    Broadcast media:
2 TV broadcast networks with state-run Radio-Television Marocaine (RTM) operating one network and the state partially owning the other; foreign TV broadcasts are available via satellite dish; 3 radio broadcast networks with RTM operating one; the government-owned network includes 10 regional radio channels in addition to its national service (2007)


Internet country code:
.ma


Internet hosts:
277,338 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 66


Internet users:
13.213 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 29

Transportation

Airports
55 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 86


Airports - with paved runways
total:31
over 3,047 m:11
2,438 to 3,047 m:9
1,524 to 2,437 m:7
914 to 1,523 m:4 (2013)


Airports - with unpaved runways
total:24
2,438 to 3,047 m:1
1,524 to 2,437 m:7
914 to 1,523 m:11
under 914 m:
5 (2013)


Heliports
1 (2013)


Pipelines
gas 944 km; oil 270 km; refined products 175 km (2013)


Railways
total:2,067 kmcountry comparison to the world: 70
standard gauge:2,067 km 1.435-m gauge (1,022 km electrified) (2008)


    Roadways
total:58,395 kmcountry comparison to the world: 74
paved:41,116 km (includes 1,080 km of expressways)
unpaved:17,279 km (2010)


Merchant marine
total:26country comparison to the world: 88
by type:cargo 1, chemical tanker 3, container 6, passenger/cargo 14, roll on/roll off 2
foreign-owned:14 (France 3, Germany 1, Italy 1, Spain 9)
registered in other countries:4 (Gibraltar 4) (2010)



Ports and terminals
major seaport(s):Casablanca, Jorf Lasfar, Mohammedia, Safi, Tangier
container port(s) (TEUs):Tangier (2,093,408)

Military

Military branches
Royal Armed Forces (Forces Armees Royales, FAR): Royal Moroccan Army (includes Air Defense), Royal Moroccan Navy (includes Coast Guard, Marines), Royal Moroccan Air Force (Al Quwwat al Jawyiya al Malakiya Marakishiya; Force Aerienne Royale Marocaine) (2010)


Military service age and obligation
20 years of age for voluntary military service; no conscription; service obligation - 18 months (2012)


Manpower available for military service
males age 16-49:8,252,682
females age 16-49:8,691,419 (2010 est.)


Manpower fit for military service
males age 16-49:7,026,016
females age 16-49:7,377,045 (2010 est.)


    Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually
male:300,327
female:298,366 (2010 est.)


Military expenditures
3.55% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 14
3.37% of GDP (2011)
3.55% of GDP (2010)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international
claims and administers Western Sahara whose sovereignty remains unresolved; Morocco protests Spain's control over the coastal enclaves of Ceuta, Melilla, and Penon de Velez de la Gomera, the islands of Penon de Alhucemas and Islas Chafarinas, and surrounding waters; both countries claim Isla Perejil (Leila Island); discussions have not progressed on a comprehensive maritime delimitation, setting limits on resource exploration and refugee interdiction, since Morocco's 2002 rejection of Spain's unilateral designation of a median line from the Canary Islands; Morocco serves as one of the primary launching areas of illegal migration into Spain from North Africa; Algeria's border with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations, each nation accusing the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; the National Liberation Front's assertions of a claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco is a dormant dispute


    Trafficking in persons



Illicit drugs
one of the world's largest producers of illicit hashish; shipments of hashish mostly directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South America destined for Western Europe; significant consumer of cannabis
 Information/ Data by CIA - The World Factbook