Country Guide

Bahrain Facts

Geography People and Society Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Transnational Issues

Geography

Location:
Middle East, archipelago in the Persian Gulf, east of Saudi Arabia


Geographic coordinates:
26 00 N, 50 33 E


Map references:
Middle East


Area:
total:760 sq kmcountry comparison to the world: 188
land:760 sq km
water:0 sq km


Area - comparative:
3.5 times the size of Washington, DC


Land boundaries:
territorial sea:12 nm
contiguous zone:24 nm
continental shelf:extending to boundaries to be determined


Climate:
arid; mild, pleasant winters; very hot, humid summers


Terrain:
mostly low desert plain rising gently to low central escarpment


Elevation extremes:
lowest point:Persian Gulf 0 m
highest point:Jabal ad Dukhan 122 m


    Natural resources:
oil, associated and nonassociated natural gas, fish, pearls


Land use:
arable land:1.79%
permanent crops:3.95%
other:94.26% (2011)


Irrigated land:
40.15 sq km (2003)


Total renewable water resources:
0.12 cu km (2011)


Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
0.12 cu km (2011)

Natural hazards:
periodic droughts; dust storms


Environment - current issues:
desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges from large tankers, oil refineries, and distribution stations; lack of freshwater resources (groundwater and seawater are the only sources for all water needs)


Environment - international agreements:
party to:Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:none of the selected agreements


Geography - note:
close to primary Middle Eastern petroleum sources; strategic location in Persian Gulf, through which much of the Western world's petroleum must transit to reach open ocean

People and Society

Nationality:
noun: Bahraini(s)
adjective:Bahraini


Ethnic groups:
Bahraini 46%, Asian 45.5%, other Arabs 4.7%, African 1.6%, European 1%, other 1.2% (includes Gulf Co-operative country nationals, North and South Americans, and Oceanians) (2010 est.)


Languages:
Arabic (official), English, Farsi, Urdu


Religions:
Muslim 70.3%, Christian 14.5%, Hindu 9.8%, Buddhist 2.5%, Jewish 0.6%, folk religion <.1, unaffiliated 1.9%, other 0.2% (2010 est.)


Population:
1,314,089country comparison to the world: 157
note:immigrants make up almost 55% of the total population, according to UN data (2013) (July 2014 est.)



Age structure:
0-14 years:19.7% (male 131,698/female 127,663)
15-24 years:15.9% (male 117,156/female 91,477)
25-54 years:56.2% (male 483,449/female 254,627)
55-64 years:5.5% (male 47,172/female 25,354)
65 years and over:2.7% (male 17,106/female 18,387) (2014 est.)


Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio:30.9 %
youth dependency ratio:27.9 %
elderly dependency ratio:3 %
potential support ratio:33.3 (2014 est.)


Median age:
total:31.6 years
male:33 years
female:28.8 years (2014 est.)


Population growth rate:
2.49% (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 31


Birth rate:
13.92 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 142


Death rate:
2.67 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 222


Net migration rate:
13.6 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 9


Urbanization:
urban population:88.7% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization:2.21% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)


Major urban areas - population:
MANAMA (capital) 262,000 (2011)


Sex ratio:
at birth:1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years:1.03 male(s)/female
15-24 years:1.28 male(s)/female
25-54 years:1.9 male(s)/female
55-64 years:1.54 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.91 male(s)/female
total population:1.54 male(s)/female (2014 est.)


    Maternal mortality rate:
20 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)


Infant mortality rate:
total:9.68 deaths/1,000 live birthscountry comparison to the world: 143
male:10.69 deaths/1,000 live births
female:8.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)


Life expectancy at birth:
total population:78.58 yearscountry comparison to the world: 51
male:76.4 years
female:80.81 years (2014 est.)


Total fertility rate:
1.81 children born/woman (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 153


Health expenditures:
3.8% of GDP (2011)


Physicians density:
1.49 physicians/1,000 population (2010)


Hospital bed density:
1.8 beds/1,000 population (2009)


Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2012 est.)


Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 99.2% of population
rural: 99.2% of population
total: 99.2% of population
unimproved:
urban: 0.8% of population
rural: 0.8% of population
total 0.8% of population (2012 est.)


HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.2% (2001 est.)country comparison to the world: 107


HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
fewer than 600 (2007 est.)country comparison to the world: 153


HIV/AIDS - deaths:
fewer than 200 (2003 est.)country comparison to the world: 111


Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
32.9% (2008)country comparison to the world: 20


Education expenditures:
2.6% of GDP (2012)country comparison to the world: 153

Literacy:
definition:age 15 and over can read and write
total population:94.6%
male:96.1%
female:91.6% (2010 est.)


Child labor - children ages 5-14:



Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total:5%country comparison to the world: 138
male:2.5%
female:11.6% (2010)

Government

Country name:
conventional long form: Kingdom of Bahrain
conventional short form:Bahrain
local long form:Mamlakat al Bahrayn
local short form:Al Bahrayn
former:Dilmun, State of Bahrain


Government type:
constitutional monarchy


Capital:
name:Manama
geographic coordinates:26 14 N, 50 34 E
time difference:UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)


Administrative divisions:
5 governorates (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Asamah (Capital), Janubiyah (Southern), Muharraq, Shamaliyah (Northern), Wasat (Central)


Independence:
15 August 1971 (from the UK)


National holiday:
National Day, 16 December (1971); note - 15 August 1971 was the date of independence from the UK, 16 December 1971 was the date of independence from British protection


Constitution:
adopted 14 February 2002; amended 2012 (2012)


Legal system:
mixed legal system of Islamic law, English common law, Egyptian civil, criminal, and commercial codes; customary law


International law organization participation:
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt


Suffrage:
20 years of age; universal; note - Bahraini Cabinet in May 2011 endorsed a draft law lowering eligibility to 18 years


Executive branch:
chief of state:King HAMAD bin Isa Al-Khalifa (since 6 March 1999); Crown Prince SALMAN bin Hamad Al-Khalifa (son of the monarch, born 21 October 1969)
head of government:Prime Minister KHALIFA bin Salman Al-Khalifa (since 1971); First Deputy Prime Minister SALMAN bin Hamad Al Khalifa (since 11 March 2013); Deputy Prime Ministers ALI bin Khalifa bin Salman Al-Khalifa, Jawad bin Salim al-ARAIDH, KHALID bin Abdallah Al Khalifa, MUHAMMAD bin Mubarak Al-Khalifa
cabinet:Cabinet appointed by the monarch
elections:the monarchy is hereditary; prime minister appointed by the monarch


Legislative branch:
bicameral National Assembly consists of the Shura Council or Consultative Council (40 members appointed by the King) and the Council of Representatives or Chamber of Deputies (40 seats; members directly elected to serve four-year terms)
elections:Council of Representatives - last held in two rounds on 23 and 30 October 2010 (next election to be held in fall 2014); byelections to fill 18 vacated seats held in two rounds on 24 September and 1 October 2011
election results:Council of Representatives (2010) - percent of vote by society - NA; seats by society - Wifaq (Shia) 18, Asalah (Sunni Salafi) 3, Minbar (Sunni Muslim Brotherhood) 2, independents 17; Council of Representatives byelection for 18 seats vacated by Wifaq (2011) - seats by society - independent Sunni 8, independent Shia 8, other 2; note - Bahrain has societies rather than parties


    Judicial branch:
highest court(s):Court of Cassation (consists of a chairman and 3 judges); Constitutional Court (consists of a president and 6 members)
note - the judiciary of Bahrain is divided into the civil law and sharia law courts
judge selection and term of office:Court of Cassation and Constitutional Court judges appointed by royal decree and serve for a specified tenure
subordinate courts:High Court of Appeal; middle and lower civil courts; higher and lower shariah courts, and the High Shariah Court of Appeal


Political parties and leaders:
ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, CAEU, CICA, FAO, G-77, GCC, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador Shaikh ABDULLA Mohamed Rashed Al Khalifa (since 26 November 2013)
chancery:3502 International Drive NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone:[1] (202) 342-1111
FAX:[1] (202) 362-2192
consulate(s) general:New York


Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador Thomas C. KRAJESKI (since 26 October 2011)
embassy:Building #979, Road 3119 (next to Al-Ahli Sports Club), Block 331, Zinj District, Manama
mailing address:PSC 451, Box 660, FPO AE 09834-5100; international mail: American Embassy, Box 26431, Manama
telephone:[973] 1724-2700
FAX:[973] 1727-0547


Flag description:
red, the traditional color for flags of Persian Gulf states, with a white serrated band (five white points) on the hoist side; the five points represent the five pillars of Islam


National anthem:
name:'Bahrainona' (Our Bahrain)

lyrics/music:unknown
note:adopted 1971; although Mohamed Sudqi AYYASH wrote the original lyrics, they were changed in 2002 following the transformation of Bahrain from an emirate to a kingdom

Economy

Economy - overview:
Bahrain has made great efforts to diversify its economy; its highly developed communication and transport facilities make Bahrain home to numerous multinational firms with business in the Gulf. As part of its diversification plans, Bahrain implemented a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with the US in August 2006, the first FTA between the US and a Gulf state. Bahrain's economy, however, continues to depend heavily on oil. In 2012, petroleum production and refining accounted for 77% of Bahrain's export receipts, 87% of government revenues, and 19% of GDP. Other major economic activities are production of aluminum - Bahrain's second biggest export after oil - finance, and construction. Bahrain competes with Malaysia as a worldwide center for Islamic banking and continues to seek new natural gas supplies as feedstock to support its expanding petrochemical and aluminum industries. In 2011 Bahrain experienced economic setbacks as a result of domestic unrest, however, the economy recovered in 2012-13, partly as a result of improved tourism. Some economic policies aimed at restoring confidence in Bahrain's economy, such as the suspension of an expatriate labor tax and frequent bailouts of Gulf Air, will make Bahrain's long-term economic challenges - youth unemployment and the growth of government debt - more difficult to address.


GDP (purchasing power parity):
$34.96 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 110
$33.48 billion (2012 est.)
$31.95 billion (2011 est.)
note:data are in 2013 US dollars


GDP (official exchange rate):
$28.36 billion (2013 est.)


GDP - real growth rate:
4.4% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 69
4.8% (2012 est.)
2.1% (2011 est.)


GDP - per capita (PPP):
$29,800 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
$29,100 (2012 est.)
$28,300 (2011 est.)
note:data are in 2013 US dollars


Gross national saving:
27.6% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 36
27.6% of GDP (2012 est.)
27.5% of GDP (2011 est.)


GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption:39.8%
government consumption:15.6%
investment in fixed capital:20.7%
investment in inventories:0.8%
exports of goods and services:74.8%
imports of goods and services:-51.7%
(2013 est.)


GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture:0.3%
industry:46.7%
services:53% (2013 est.)


Agriculture - products:
fruit, vegetables; poultry, dairy products; shrimp, fish


Industries:
petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting, iron pelletization, fertilizers, Islamic and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism


Industrial production growth rate:
4.7% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 61

Labor force:
716,500
country comparison to the world: 151
note:44% of the population in the 15-64 age group is non-national (2013 est.)



Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture:1%
industry:79%
services:20% (1997 est.)


Unemployment rate:
15% (2005 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136

Population below poverty line:
NA%


    Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:NA%
highest 10%:NA%


Budget:
revenues:$8.143 billion
expenditures:$9.232 billion (2013 est.)


Taxes and other revenues:
28.7% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-3.8% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141


Public debt:
61.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 48
54.2% of GDP (2012 est.)


Fiscal year:
calendar year


Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3.1% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
2.8% (2012 est.)


Commercial bank prime lending rate:
6.8% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
6.05% (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of narrow money:
$7.431 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 90
$6.944 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of broad money:
$23.93 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79
$22.51 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of domestic credit:
$25.96 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
$22.19 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Market value of publicly traded shares:
$16.06 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Current account balance:
$1.907 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
$2.221 billion (2012 est.)


Exports:
$20.69 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72
$20.39 billion (2012 est.)


Exports - commodities:
petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles


Exports - partners:
Saudi Arabia 3.3%, India 2.2%, UAE 2.2%, South Korea 2% (2012)


Imports:
$14.41 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88
$13.24 billion (2012 est.)


Imports - commodities:
crude oil, machinery, chemicals


Imports - partners:
Saudi Arabia 27.4%, US 9.6%, China 9.5%, Japan 6.4%, India 4.9%, France 4.7% (2012)


Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$5.933 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
$5.211 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Debt - external:
$28.82 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 74
$27.54 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$17.81 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 76
$16.83 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$10.86 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
$9.699 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Exchange rates:
Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar -
0.376 (2013 est.)
0.376 (2012 est.)
0.376 (2010 est.)
0.376 (2009)
0.376 (2008)

Energy

Electricity - production:
13.16 billion kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87


Electricity - consumption:
12.97 billion kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 84


Electricity - exports:
0 kWh (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 100


Electricity - imports:
214 million kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87


Electricity - installed generating capacity:
3.169 million kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 88


Electricity - from fossil fuels:
100% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 4


Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 43


Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155


Electricity - from other renewable sources:
0% of total installed capacity (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153


Crude oil - production:
49,160 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 62


Crude oil - exports:
152,600 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33


Crude oil - imports:
256,000 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29


    Crude oil - proved reserves:
124.6 million bbl (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 68


Refined petroleum products - production:
270,800 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46


Refined petroleum products - consumption:
51,450 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 98


Refined petroleum products - exports:
226,000 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27


Refined petroleum products - imports:
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 210


Natural gas - production:
12.62 billion cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 37


Natural gas - consumption:
12.77 billion cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 43


Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60


Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 155


Natural gas - proved reserves:
92.03 billion cu m (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 56


Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
29.7 million Mt (2011 est.)

Communications

Telephones - main lines in use:
290,000 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 118


Telephones - mobile cellular:
2.125 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 144


Telephone system:
general assessment:modern system
domestic:modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile-cellular telephones
international:country code - 973; landing point for the Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) submarine cable network that provides links to Asia, Middle East, Europe, and US; tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; satellite earth station - 1 (2007)



    Broadcast media:
state-run Bahrain Radio and Television Corporation (BRTC) operates 5 terrestrial TV networks and several radio stations; satellite TV systems provide access to international broadcasts; 1 private FM station directs broadcasts to Indian listeners; radio and TV broadcasts from countries in the region are available (2007)


Internet country code:
.bh


Internet hosts:
47,727 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 97


Internet users:
419,500 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 122

Transportation

Airports
4 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 184


Airports - with paved runways
total:4
over 3,047 m:3
914 to 1,523 m:1 (2013)


Heliports
1 (2013)


Pipelines
gas 20 km; oil 54 km (2013)


Roadways
total:4,122 kmcountry comparison to the world: 156
paved:3,392 km
unpaved:730 km (2010)


    Merchant marine
total:8country comparison to the world: 119
by type:bulk carrier 2, container 4, petroleum tanker 2
foreign-owned:5 (Kuwait 5)
registered in other countries:5 (Honduras 5) (2010)



Ports and terminals
major seaport(s):Mina' Salman, Sitrah

Military

Military branches
Bahrain Defense Force (BDF): Royal Bahraini Army (RBA), Royal Bahraini Navy (RBN), Royal Bahraini Air Force (RBAF), Royal Bahraini Air Defense Force (RBADF) (2013)


Military service age and obligation
18 years of age for voluntary military service; 15 years of age for NCOs, technicians, and cadets; no conscription (2012)


Manpower available for military service
males age 16-49:508,863
females age 16-49:290,801 (2010 est.)


Manpower fit for military service
males age 16-49:423,757
females age 16-49:245,302 (2010 est.)


    Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually
male:8,988
female:8,117 (2010 est.)


Military expenditures
3.14% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 18
3.02% of GDP (2011)
3.14% of GDP (2010)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international
none


    Trafficking in persons

 Information/ Data by CIA - The World Factbook

LookForAttorney.com | Country Guide of Uganda

Country Guide

Uganda Facts

Geography People and Society Government Economy Communications Transportation Military Transnational Issues

Geography

Location:
East-Central Africa, west of Kenya, east of the Democratic Republic of the Congo


Geographic coordinates:
1 00 N, 32 00 E


Map references:
Africa


Area:
total:241,038 sq kmcountry comparison to the world: 81
land:197,100 sq km
water:43,938 sq km


Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Oregon


Land boundaries:
total:2,698 km
border countries:Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, South Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km


Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)


Maritime claims:
lowest point:Lake Albert 621 m
highest point:Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m


    Natural resources:
copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land, gold


Land use:
arable land:27.94%
permanent crops:9.11%
other:62.95% (2011)


Irrigated land:
144.2 sq km (2010)


Total renewable water resources:
66 cu km (2011)


Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
66 cu km (2011)

Natural hazards:
NA


Environment - current issues:
draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; widespread poaching


Environment - international agreements:
party to:Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:Environmental Modification


Geography - note:
landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers

People and Society

Nationality:
noun: Ugandan(s)
adjective:Ugandan


Ethnic groups:
Baganda 16.9%, Banyankole 9.5%, Basoga 8.4%, Bakiga 6.9%, Iteso 6.4%, Langi 6.1%, Acholi 4.7%, Bagisu 4.6%, Lugbara 4.2%, Bunyoro 2.7%, other 29.6% (2002 census)


Languages:
English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic


Religions:
Roman Catholic 41.9%, Protestant 42% (Anglican 35.9%, Pentecostal 4.6%, Seventh-Day Adventist 1.5%), Muslim 12.1%, other 3.1%, none 0.9% (2002 census)


Population:
35,918,915country comparison to the world: 36
note:estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2014 est.)



Age structure:
0-14 years:48.7% (male 8,714,354/female 8,765,900)
15-24 years:21.2% (male 3,775,679/female 3,833,574)
25-54 years:25.7% (male 4,618,088/female 4,615,616)
55-64 years:2.4% (male 405,740/female 447,118)
65 years and over:2.1% (male 327,771/female 415,075) (2014 est.)


Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio:102.4 %
youth dependency ratio:97.5 %
elderly dependency ratio:4.9 %
potential support ratio:20.5 (2014 est.)


Median age:
total:15.5 years
male:15.5 years
female:15.6 years (2014 est.)


Population growth rate:
3.24% (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 9


Birth rate:
44.17 births/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 3


Death rate:
10.97 deaths/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 35


Net migration rate:
-0.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 144


Urbanization:
urban population:15.6% of total population (2011)
rate of urbanization:5.74% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)


Major urban areas - population:
KAMPALA (capital) 1.659 million (2011)


Sex ratio:
at birth:1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years:0.99 male(s)/female
15-24 years:0.99 male(s)/female
25-54 years:1 male(s)/female
55-64 years:0.99 male(s)/female
65 years and over:0.8 male(s)/female
total population:0.99 male(s)/female (2014 est.)


Mother's mean age at first birth:
18.9


    Maternal mortality rate:
310 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)


Infant mortality rate:
total:60.82 deaths/1,000 live birthscountry comparison to the world: 21
male:70.17 deaths/1,000 live births
female:51.18 deaths/1,000 live births (2014 est.)


Life expectancy at birth:
total population:54.46 yearscountry comparison to the world: 209
male:53.1 years
female:55.86 years (2014 est.)


Total fertility rate:
5.97 children born/woman (2014 est.)country comparison to the world: 5


Contraceptive prevalence rate:
30% (2011)


Health expenditures:
9.5% of GDP (2011)


Physicians density:
0.12 physicians/1,000 population (2005)


Hospital bed density:
0.5 beds/1,000 population (2010)


Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 94.8% of population
rural: 71% of population
total: 74.8% of population
unimproved:
urban: 5.2% of population
rural: 29% of population
total: 25.2% of population (2012 est.)


Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 32.8% of population
rural: 34.1% of population
total: 33.9% of population
unimproved:
urban: 67.2% of population
rural: 65.9% of population
total: 66.1% of population (2012 est.)


HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
7.2% (2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 10


HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
1,549,200 (2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 6


HIV/AIDS - deaths:
63,300 (2012 est.)country comparison to the world: 6


Major infectious diseases:


Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
4.3% (2008)country comparison to the world: 167


Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
14.1% (2011)country comparison to the world: 54


Education expenditures:
3.3% of GDP (2012)country comparison to the world: 131

Literacy:
definition:age 15 and over can read and write
total population:73.2%
male:82.6%
female:64.6% (2010 est.)


School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total:11 years
male:11 years
female:11 years (2009)


Child labor - children ages 5-14:



Unemployment, youth ages 15-24:
total:5.4% (2009)country comparison to the world: 136

Government

Country name:
conventional long form: Republic of Uganda
conventional short form:Uganda


Government type:
republic


Capital:
name:Kampala
geographic coordinates:0 19 N, 32 33 E
time difference:UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)


Administrative divisions:
111 districts and 1 capital city*; Abim, Adjumani, Agago, Alebtong, Amolatar, Amudat, Amuria, Amuru, Apac, Arua, Budaka, Bududa, Bugiri, Buhweju, Buikwe, Bukedea, Bukomansimbi, Bukwa, Bulambuli, Buliisa, Bundibugyo, Bushenyi, Busia, Butaleja, Butambala, Buvuma, Buyende, Dokolo, Gomba, Gulu, Hoima, Ibanda, Iganga, Isingiro, Jinja, Kaabong, Kabale, Kabarole, Kaberamaido, Kalangala, Kaliro, Kalungu, Kampala*, Kamuli, Kamwenge, Kanungu, Kapchorwa, Kasese, Katakwi, Kayunga, Kibaale, Kiboga, Kibuku, Kiruhura, Kiryandongo, Kisoro, Kitgum, Koboko, Kole, Kotido, Kumi, Kween, Kyankwanzi, Kyegegwa, Kyenjojo, Lamwo, Lira, Luuka, Luwero, Lwengo, Lyantonde, Manafwa, Maracha, Masaka, Masindi, Mayuge, Mbale, Mbarara, Mitooma, Mityana, Moroto, Moyo, Mpigi, Mubende, Mukono, Nakapiripirit, Nakaseke, Nakasongola, Namayingo, Namutumba, Napak, Nebbi, Ngora, Ntoroko, Ntungamo, Nwoya, Otuke, Oyam, Pader, Pallisa, Rakai, Rubirizi, Rukungiri, Sembabule, Serere, Sheema, Sironko, Soroti, Tororo, Wakiso, Yumbe, Zombo


Independence:
9 October 1962 (from the UK)


National holiday:
Independence Day, 9 October (1962)


Constitution:
several previous; latest adopted 27 September 1995, promulgated 8 October 1995; amended many times, last in 2005 (2011)


Legal system:
mixed legal system of English common law and customary law


International law organization participation:
accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction with reservations; accepts ICCt jurisdiction


Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal


Executive branch:
chief of state:President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power on 26 January 1986); Vice President Edward SSEKANDI (since 24 May 2011) note - the president is both chief of state and head of government
head of government:President Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI (since seizing power on 26 January 1986); Prime Minister Amama MBABAZI (since 24 May 2011); note - the prime minister assists the president in supervising the cabinet
cabinet:Cabinet appointed by the president from among elected legislators
elections:president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held on 18 February 2011 (next to be held in 2016)
election results:Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI re-elected president; percent of vote - Lt. Gen. Yoweri Kaguta MUSEVENI 68.4%, Kizza BESIGYE 26.0%, other 5.6%


Legislative branch:
unicameral National Assembly (375 seats; 238 members elected by popular vote, 112 women directly elected, 25 nominated by legally established special interest groups [army 10, disabled 5, youth 5, labor 5], additional ex-officio members may be nominated by the president; members serve five-year terms)
elections:last held on 18 February 2011 (next to be held in 2016)
election results:percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NRM 263, FDC 34, DP 12, UPC 10, UPDF 10, CP 1, JEEMA 1, independents 43, vacant 1; note - UPDF is the Uganda People's Defense Force


Judicial branch:
highest court(s):Supreme Court of Uganda (consists of the chief justice and 5 justices)
judge selection and term of office:justices appointed by the president in consultation with the Judicial Service Commission (a 9-member independent advisory body) and with approval of the National Assembly; justices serve until mandatory retirement at age 70
subordinate courts:Court of Appeal (also sits as the Constitutional Court); High Court (includes 10 High Court Circuits and 7 High Court Divisions); Chief Magistrate Grade One and Grade Two Courts


    Political parties and leaders:
Conservative Party or CP [Ken LUKYAMUZI]
Democratic Party or DP [Norbert MAO]
Forum for Democratic Change or FDC [Muntu MUGISHA]
Inter-Party Co-operation or IPC (a coalition of opposition groups)
Justice Forum or JEEMA [Asuman BASALIRWA]
National Resistance Movement or NRM [Yoweri MUSEVENI]
Peoples Progressive Party or PPP [Bidandi SSALI]
Ugandan People's Congress or UPC [Olara OTUNNU]
note:a national referendum in July 2005 opened the way for Uganda's transition to a multi-party political system


Political pressure groups and leaders:
Lord's Resistance Army or LRA [Joseph KONY]


International organization participation:
ACP, AfDB, AU, C, COMESA, EAC, EADB, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (NGOs), ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGAD, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO


Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador Oliver WONEKHA (since 6 June 2013)
chancery:5911 16th Street NW, Washington, DC 20011
telephone:[1] (202) 726-7100 through 7102, 0416
FAX:[1] (202) 726-1727


Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission:Ambassador Scott H. DELISI (since 18 July 2012)
embassy:1577 Ggaba Road, Kampala
mailing address:P. O. Box 7007, Kampala
telephone:[256] (414) 259 791 through 93, 95
FAX:[256] (414) 259-794


Flag description:
six equal horizontal bands of black (top), yellow, red, black, yellow, and red; a white disk is superimposed at the center and depicts a grey crowned crane (the national symbol) facing the hoist side; black symbolizes the African people, yellow sunshine and vitality, red African brotherhood; the crane was the military badge of Ugandan soldiers under the UK


National symbol(s):
grey crowned crane


National anthem:
name:'Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty!'
lyrics/music:George Wilberforce KAKOMOA
note:adopted 1962

Economy

Economy - overview:
Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, small deposits of copper, gold, and other minerals, and recently discovered oil. Uganda has never conducted a national minerals survey. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. Since 1990 economic reforms ushered in an era of solid economic growth based on continued investment in infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, lower inflation, better domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. The global economic downturn hurt Uganda's exports; however, Uganda's GDP growth has largely recovered due to past reforms and sound management of the downturn. Oil revenues and taxes will become a larger source of government funding as oil comes on line in the next few years. Instability in South Sudan is a risk for the Ugandan economy because Uganda's main export partner is Sudan, and Uganda is a key destination for Sudanese refugees. Unreliable power, high energy costs, inadequate transportation infrastructure, and corruption inhibit economic development and investor confidence.


GDP (purchasing power parity):
$54.37 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 96
$51.47 billion (2012 est.)
$50.08 billion (2011 est.)
note:data are in 2013 US dollars


GDP (official exchange rate):
$22.6 billion (2013 est.)


GDP - real growth rate:
5.6% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 45
2.8% (2012 est.)
6.2% (2011 est.)


GDP - per capita (PPP):
$1,500 (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 204
$1,400 (2012 est.)
$1,500 (2011 est.)
note:data are in 2013 US dollars


Gross national saving:
17.4% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 93
14.7% of GDP (2012 est.)
13.1% of GDP (2011 est.)


GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption:82.3%
government consumption:7.6%
investment in fixed capital:25.5%
investment in inventories:0.2%
exports of goods and services:22.8%
imports of goods and services:-38.3%
(2013 est.)


GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture:23.1%
industry:26.9%
services:50% (2013 est.)


Agriculture - products:
coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (manioc, tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses, cut flowers; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry


Industries:
sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production


Industrial production growth rate:
3.8% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 78

Labor force:
17.4 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 35


Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture:82%
industry:5%
services:13% (1999 est.)


Unemployment rate:
NA%


Population below poverty line:
24.5% (2009 est.)


Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%:2.4%
highest 10%:36.1% (2009 est.)


    Distribution of family income - Gini index:
44.3 (2009)
country comparison to the world: 46
45.7 (2002)


Budget:
revenues:$3.2 billion
expenditures:$3.803 billion (2013 est.)


Taxes and other revenues:
14.2% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 198

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-2.7% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 113


Public debt:
30.7% of GDP (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
26.3% of GDP (2012 est.)


Fiscal year:
1 July - 30 June


Inflation rate (consumer prices):
6.2% (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 178
14% (2012 est.)


Central bank discount rate:
14% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
9.65% (31 December 2009 est.)


Commercial bank prime lending rate:
23.7% (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
26.31% (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of narrow money:
$2.455 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
$2.015 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of broad money:
$4.049 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
$3.293 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of domestic credit:
$3.67 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
$3.042 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Market value of publicly traded shares:
$7.294 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Current account balance:
-$1.908 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139
-$2.232 billion (2012 est.)


Exports:
$3.156 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 127
$2.811 billion (2012 est.)


Exports - commodities:
coffee, fish and fish products, tea, cotton, flowers, horticultural products; gold


Exports - partners:
Kenya 12.3%, Rwanda 10.3%, UAE 10.2%, Democratic Republic of the Congo 9.4%, Netherlands 6.1%, Germany 5.6%, Italy 4.4% (2012)


Imports:
$4.858 billion (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
$5.187 billion (2012 est.)


Imports - commodities:
capital equipment, vehicles, petroleum, medical supplies; cereals


Imports - partners:
Kenya 15.6%, UAE 15.4%, China 12.8%, India 11.7%, South Africa 4.1%, Japan 4% (2012)


Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$3.579 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
$3.167 billion (31 December 2012 est.)
note:excludes gold


Debt - external:
$5.223 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
$4.461 billion (31 December 2012 est.)


Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$NA


Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$NA


Exchange rates:
Ugandan shillings (UGX) per US dollar -
2,604.6 (2013 est.)
2,505.6 (2012 est.)
2,177.6 (2010 est.)
2,030 (2009)
1,658.1 (2008)

Energy

Electricity - production:
2.406 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 132


Electricity - consumption:
2.192 billion kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 140


Electricity - exports:
75 million kWh (2010)
country comparison to the world: 79


Electricity - imports:
29 million kWh (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102


Electricity - installed generating capacity:
539,000 kW (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135


Electricity - from fossil fuels:
31.5% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 180


Electricity - from nuclear fuels:
0% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 194


Electricity - from hydroelectric plants:
65.3% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29


Electricity - from other renewable sources:
3.2% of total installed capacity (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 58


Crude oil - production:
0 bbl/day (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139


Crude oil - exports:
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 196


Crude oil - imports:
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 133


    Crude oil - proved reserves:
2.5 billion bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 34


Refined petroleum products - production:
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 203


Refined petroleum products - consumption:
16,930 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 138


Refined petroleum products - exports:
0 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 139


Refined petroleum products - imports:
22,990 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99


Natural gas - production:
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 201


Natural gas - consumption:
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 202


Natural gas - exports:
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 198


Natural gas - imports:
0 cu m (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141


Natural gas - proved reserves:
14.16 billion cu m (1 January 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 79


Carbon dioxide emissions from consumption of energy:
3.244 million Mt (2011 est.)

Communications

Telephones - main lines in use:
315,000 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 113


Telephones - mobile cellular:
16.355 million (2012)
country comparison to the world: 58


Telephone system:
general assessment:mobile cellular service is increasing rapidly, but the number of main lines is still deficient; work underway on a national backbone information and communications technology infrastructure; international phone networks and Internet connectivity provided through satellite and VSAT applications
domestic:intercity traffic by wire, microwave radio relay, and radiotelephone communication stations, fixed and mobile-cellular systems for short-range traffic; mobile-cellular teledensity about 50 per 100 persons in 2010
international:country code - 256; satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Inmarsat; analog links to Kenya and Tanzania (2011)



    Broadcast media:
public broadcaster, Uganda Broadcasting Corporation (UBC), operates radio and TV networks; Uganda first began licensing privately owned stations in the 1990s; by 2007 there were nearly 150 radio and 35 TV stations, mostly based in and around Kampala; transmissions of multiple international broadcasters are available in Kampala (2007)


Internet country code:
.ug


Internet hosts:
32,683 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 106


Internet users:
3.2 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 66

Transportation

Airports
47 (2013)
country comparison to the world: 93


Airports - with paved runways
total:5
over 3,047 m:3
1,524 to 2,437 m:1
914 to 1,523 m:1 (2013)


Airports - with unpaved runways
total:42
over 3,047 m:1
1,524 to 2,437 m:8
914 to 1,523 m:26
under 914 m:
7 (2013)


    Railways
total:1,244 kmcountry comparison to the world: 83
narrow gauge:1,244 km 1.000-m gauge (2008)


Roadways
total:20,000 km (does not include local roads)country comparison to the world: 109
paved:3,264 km
unpaved:16,736 km (2011)


Waterways



Ports and terminals
lake port(s):Entebbe, Jinja, Port Bell (Lake Victoria)

Military

Military branches
Uganda People's Defense Force (UPDF): Land Forces (includes Marine Unit), Uganda Air Force (2013)


Military service age and obligation
18-26 years of age for voluntary military duty; 18-30 years of age for professionals; no conscription; 9-year service obligation; the government has stated that while recruitment under 18 years of age could occur with proper consent, 'no person under the apparent age of 18 years shall be enrolled in the armed forces'; Ugandan citizenship and secondary education required (2012)


Manpower available for military service
males age 16-49:7,249,271
females age 16-49:7,025,439 (2010 est.)


Manpower fit for military service
males age 16-49:4,313,068
females age 16-49:4,200,901 (2010 est.)


    Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually
male:423,923
female:420,236 (2010 est.)


Military expenditures
1.45% of GDP (2012)
country comparison to the world: 68
3.73% of GDP (2011)
1.45% of GDP (2010)

Transnational Issues

Disputes - international
Uganda is subject to armed fighting among hostile ethnic groups, rebels, armed gangs, militias, and various government forces that extend across its borders; Ugandan refugees as well as members of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) seek shelter in southern Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo's Garamba National Park; LRA forces have also attacked Kenyan villages across the border


    Refugees and internally displaced persons
refugees (country of origin):155,742 (Democratic Republic of Congo); 13,376 (Rwanda); 10,578 (Burundi) (2013); 137,844 (South Sudan); 18,534 (Somalia) (2014)
IDPs:up to 29,800 (displacement in northern Uganda because of fighting between government forces and the Lord's Resistance Army; as of 2011, most of the 1.8 million people displaced to IDP camps at the height of the conflict had returned home or resettled, but many had not found durable solutions; intercommunal violence and cattle raids) (2011)

Information/ Data by CIA - The World Factbook